U.S. Navy method

Calculator for body fat

Find your body fat percentage with a tape measure: neck, waist and, for women, hip measurements. It also shows fat mass, lean mass and which category you fall into.

Optional, for fat mass and lean mass
Your body fat percentage
– %
–
Fat mass – lbs
Lean mass – lbs
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How the calculation works

The formula was developed by Hodgdon and Beckett (1984) for the U.S. Navy, which still uses it today to assess its service members. It estimates body fat from the relationship between body circumferences and height.

Men

Body fat % = 495 ÷ (1.0324 − 0.19077 × log10(waist − neck) + 0.15456 × log10(height)) − 450, with measurements in cm.

Women

Body fat % = 495 ÷ (1.29579 − 0.35004 × log10(waist + hip − neck) + 0.22100 × log10(height)) − 450, with measurements in cm.

How to measure

Stand relaxed, at the end of a normal exhale. Keep the tape snug without pressing into the skin. Measure twice and use the average.

Track the trend

Repeat every 2 to 4 weeks, at the same time of day and in the same way. The change between measurements tells you more than a single number.

Body fat ranges (ACE)

American Council on Exercise classification, used as a reference by personal trainers.

RangeMenWomen
Essential fat2 to 5%10 to 13%
Athletes6 to 13%14 to 20%
Fitness14 to 17%21 to 24%
Average18 to 24%25 to 31%
Above average25% or more32% or more

Frequently asked questions

How do you measure your waist, neck and hips?
Neck: just below the Adam's apple, with the tape angled slightly downward toward the front. Waist: men at navel level, women at the narrowest part of the abdomen. Hip (women only): at the widest part of the glutes. Keep the tape snug without pressing into the skin, standing relaxed, at the end of a normal exhale.
Is the Navy method accurate?
It's an estimate. In validation studies against hydrostatic weighing and DEXA, the error is typically 3 to 4 percentage points. It works well for tracking trends over several weeks, as long as you take the measurements the same way every time.
What is the ideal body fat percentage?
According to the American Council on Exercise (ACE) chart, the fitness range is 14 to 17% for men and 21 to 24% for women. Below 2 to 5% (men) or 10 to 13% (women) is essential fat, which the body needs to function.
Why is body fat percentage better than BMI?
BMI only relates weight to height and can't tell muscle from fat: a muscular person can have an overweight BMI with very little fat. Body fat percentage shows what your body is actually made of.

Other calculators

Are you a personal trainer? Do this with every client in the app

In Trainer Connect, the physical assessment stores each student's measurements, calculates body composition, estimates it from a photo with AI and shows progress in a chart. Students see everything in their own app, in Portuguese, English, Spanish, French or German.

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Statistical estimate with a typical error of 3 to 4 percentage points. It does not replace an assessment by a health professional or tests like DEXA.